ͼƬ dz̸ӢÓï½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ½Ìѧʵ¼ùµÄÑо¿_¿´Å·¹ÚµÄapp-ÄĸöAPP¿ÉÒÔ¿´Å·¹Ú-×ãÇò¾º²Ê±È·ÖÍƼö**

¿´Å·¹ÚµÄapp-ÄĸöAPP¿ÉÒÔ¿´Å·¹Ú-×ãÇò¾º²Ê±È·ÖÍƼö**

µ±Ç°Î»ÖãºÖ÷Ò³ > ±ÏÒµÂÛÎÄ > Ó¢ÓïÂÛÎÄ > Ó¢ÓïÏà¹Ø > >

dz̸ӢÓï½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ½Ìѧʵ¼ùµÄÑо¿

À´Ô´::δ֪ | ×÷Õß:¿´Å·¹ÚµÄapp-ÄĸöAPP¿ÉÒÔ¿´Å·¹Ú-×ãÇò¾º²Ê±È·ÖÍƼö** | ±¾ÎÄÒÑÓ°Ïì ÈË
¡¡¡¡ÂÛÎĹؼü´Ê:½»¼Ê·¨½Ìѧ¡¡½»¼ÊÄÜÁ¦¡¡½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ

¡¡¡¡ÂÛÎÄÌáÒª:½»¼Ê·¨½ÌѧµÄºËÐÄÊÇÌá¸ßѧÉúµÄ½»¼ÊÄÜÁ¦£¬¶ø½»¼Ê²ßÂÔÊÇÌá¸ß½»¼ÊÄÜÁ¦µÄÖØÒªÊֶΡ£½»¼Ê²ßÂÔÊÇÖ¸ÓïÑÔѧϰÕßΪÁË¿Ë·þÒòÓïÑÔ×ÊÔ´ÓÐÏÞËùÔì³ÉµÄ½»Á÷ÕÏ°­¶ø²ÉÈ¡µÄ¼¼ÄÜ¡£±¾ÎĶÔ160Ãû´óѧһÄ꼶·ÇÓ¢ÓïרҵÐÂÉú½øÐÐÁËΪÆÚ°ËÖܵĽ»¼Ê²ßÂԵĽÌѧʵ¼ù£¬Êµ¼ù±íÃ÷½»¼Ê²ßÂÔµÄÅàÑøÓÐÖúÓÚ¿Ë·þ½»¼ÊÕÏ°­ÓëÌá¸ß¿ÚÓï½»¼ÊÄÜÁ¦¡£

¡¡¡¡Ò»¡¢ÒýÑÔ

    ½»¼Ê·¨½Ìѧ²úÉúÓÚ20ÊÀ¼Í70Äê´ú³õ£¬Æ侫ËèÊÇRob-inson (1984 )Ëù²ûÊöµÄ“ÓïÑÔÔËÓÃÊÇΪ½»¼ÊÄ¿µÄ·þÎñµÄ”¡£Òò¶øÌᳫ½Ìѧ¹ý³ÌÒª½»¼Ê»¯£¬Æä½ÌѧĿµÄÊÇÅàÑøѧÉúµÄ½»¼ÊÄÜÁ¦£¬¶øÅàÑøµÄ;¾¶±ãÊDz»¶ÏÌá¸ß½»¼ÊµÄ²ßÂÔ¡£¹úÍâ½»¼Ê²ßÂÔµÄÑо¿ÆðʼÓÚÉϸöÊÀ¼Í70Äê´ú£¬80Äê´ú½øÈë¿ìËÙ·¢Õ¹µÄʱÆÚ¡£1980Ä꣬Canale&SwainµÄ½»¼ÊÄÜÁ¦Ä£Ê½Ñо¿(Óï·¨ÄÜÁ¦¡¢»°ÓïÄÜÁ¦¡¢Éç»áÓïÑÔѧÄÜÁ¦ºÍ²ßÂÔÄÜÁ¦)ÆľßÓ°Ï죬¶Ô½»¼ÊÄÜÁ¦ºÍ½»¼Ê²ßÂÔµÄÑо¿²úÉúÁ˺ܴóµÄÍƽø×÷Óᣓ½»¼Ê²ßÂÔÑо¿ÔÚÎÒ¹úÏà¶ÔÀ´Ëµ»¹ÊÇÒ»¸ö¿Õ°×”(´÷쿶°£¬Êø¶¨·¼1994)0×î½üÊ®¶àÄêÀ´£¬ÎÒ¹ú½»¼Ê²ßÂÔÑо¿È¡µÃÁË¿ÉϲµÄ³É¼¨£¬Ðí¶àѧÕß¿ªÊ¼½éÉܹúÍâµÄ½»¼Ê²ßÂÔµÄÀíÂÛ£¬Èç´÷Âü´¿(1992 )£¬´÷쿶°¡¢Êø¶¨·¼(1994 )£¬Êø¶¨·¼¡¢×¯ÖÇÏó(1996)£¬ÍõÁ¢·Ç(2000)µÈ¡£ºóÀ´£¬ÓйØÖйúѧÉú½»¼Ê²ßÂÔÄÜÁ¦µÄʵ֤Ñо¿Ò²Ö𲽿ªÕ¹ÆðÀ´ÁË£¬Èç¸ßº£ºç(2000 )¡¢ÍõÑÞ(2001)¡¢ÍõÁ¢·Ç(2002)µÈ¡£½üÄêÀ´£¬Ëæ×ÅÓ¢Óï¿ÚÓï½»¼ÊÄÜÁ¦ÔÚ½ÌѧÖÐÔ½À´Ô½Êܵ½ÖØÊÓ£¬¹úÄÚµÄÑо¿ÕßÒ²¿ªÊ¼¼ÓÇ¿¶Ô½»¼Ê²ßÂÔµÄÑо¿(ÍõÑÞ£¬2001;̷ѩ÷¡¢ÕųÐƽ£¬2002 )£¬µ«Ä¿Ç°µÄÑо¿Éд¦ÓÚÀíÂÛ̽Ìֽ׶Σ¬Õë¶Ô½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ½Ìѧʵ¼ùµÄÑо¿»¹ºÜÉÙ¡£±¾Îľ۽¹ÓÚ½»¼Ê²ßÂÔµÄÑо¿£¬Ö÷Ҫͨ¹ý½Ìѧʵ¼ùÑо¿À´·ÖÎö½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ½ÌѧµÄ±ØÒªÐÔ¡¢ÊµÊ©·½·¨¼°È¡µÃµÄ½ÌѧЧ¹û¡£

¡¡¡¡¶þ¡¢½»¼Ê²ßÂÔµÄÀíÂÛ½¨¹¹

    1½»¼ÊÄÜÁ¦µÄº¬Òå
    ½»¼Ê·¨½ÌѧµÄÀíÂÛ»ù´¡ÊÇÉç»áÓïÑÔѧ¡¢¹¦ÄÜÓïÑÔѧºÍÓïÑÔÕÜѧ£¬×÷ΪÆä»ùʯµÄ“½»¼ÊÄÜÁ¦”( communicative compe-fence)ÕâÒ»ÖØÒª¸ÅÄîÊÇÓÉÉç»áÓïÑÔѧ¼ÒHymesÕë¶ÔChom-skyµÄ“ÓïÑÔÄÜÁ¦”( linguistic competence )¸ÅÄî¶øÌá³öµÄ¡£ËûÈÏΪ£¬ÇÇÊϵēÓïÑÔÄÜÁ¦”¸ÅÄîδÄÜÈ«Ãæ½ÒʾÈ˵ÄÓïÑÔÄÜÁ¦£¬ÓïÑԵĽ»¼ÊÄÜÁ¦²»½ö°üÀ¨¶ÔÒ»¡¢Á½ÖÖÓïÑÔÐÎʽµÄÀí½âºÍÕÆÎÕ£¬¶øÇÒ»¹°üÀ¨¶ÔÔÚºÎʱºÎµØ¡¢ÒÔʲô·½Ê½¶ÔË­Ç¡µ±Ê¹ÓÃÓïÑÔÐÎʽ½øÐн»¼ÊµÄ֪ʶÌåϵµÄÀí½âºÍÕÆÎÕ¡£½»¼ÊÄÜÁ¦ÊÇÒ»¸ö¸´ÔӵĸÅÄÉæ¼°µ½ÓïÑÔ¡¢ÐÞ´Ç¡¢Éç»á¡¢ÎÄ»¯¡¢ÐÄÀíµÈ¶àÖÖÒòËØ£¬°üÀ¨Ò»¸öÈËÔËÓÃÓïÑÔÊÖ¶Î(¿ÚÍ·Óï»òÊéÃæÓï)ºÍ¸±ÓïÑÔÊÖ¶Î(ÉíÊÆÓï)À´´ïµ½Ä³Ò»Ìض¨½»¼ÊÄ¿µÄµÄÄÜÁ¦¡£ÓïÑÔѧ¼ÒLittlewoodÔò½«½»¼ÊÄÜÁ¦¸ÅÀ¨³ÉÒÔϼ¸µã:(1)ÕÆÎÕÓïÑÔ֪ʶ£¬²¢ÄÜÔËÓÃÓïÑÔÇå³þµØ±í´ï˼Ïë;(2)²»½öÕÆÎÕÓïÑÔ֪ʶ£¬»¹Á˽âÕâЩÓïÑÔ֪ʶÔÚ½»¼ÊÖеÄ×÷ÓÃ;(3)ѧϰÕßÔÚʹÓÃÓïÑÔʱӦ¿¼ÂÇ×Ô¼ºµÄÉç»áµØλ¼°Éç»áÓï¾³²¢ÄÜ´ÓÌýÕߵķ´Ó¦ÖÐÅжϳöËùÓÃÓïÑÔÊÇ·ñÇ¡µ±;(4})ѧϰÕß±ØÐëÁ˽âÓïÑÔµÄÉç»áº¬Ò壬ÄÜʹÓÃÓ¢Óï±¾×åÈËÆÕ±é½ÓÊܵÄÓïÑÔ¡£Ó¦¸Ã˵£¬ÒÔ“½»¼ÊÄÜÁ¦”ΪºËÐĵĽ»¼Ê½ÌѧÓëÆäËû½Ìѧ·¨Ïà±È£¬È·ÊµÓÐÐí¶à³¤´¦£¬Òò´ËÈÕÒæ³ÉΪÓïÑÔ½Ìѧ½ç±È½ÏÊÜÍƳçµÄ½Ìѧ·¨¡£
    2.½»¼Ê²ßÂԵĸÅÄîÓë·ÖÀà
    ΪÁË´ïµ½ÅàÑøѧϰÕß½»¼ÊÄÜÁ¦ÕâһĿ±ê£¬½»¼Ê·¨³«µ¼½Ìѧ¹ý³Ì½»¼Ê»¯£¬Ö÷ÕÅÓïÑÔÔÚ¿ÎÌÃÉϼȲ»ÊÇ֪ʶ£¬Ò²²»ÊÇÄÚÈÝ£¬¶øÊǽ»»»ºÍ»ñÈ¡ÐÅÏ¢µÄÊֶΡ£½»¼Ê²ßÂÔÊÇÅàÑøѧÉú½»¼ÊÄÜÁ¦µÄ¹Ø¼ü£¬ÊÇÖ¸ÓïÑÔѧϰÕßÔÚÉÐδÍêÈ«ÕÆÎÕµÚ¶þÓïÑÔʱ£¬ÎªÊµÏÖ½»¼ÊÄ¿µÄ£¬½â¾öÒòÓï·¨Óë´Ê»ã·½ÃæµÄǷȱ¶ø²ÉÈ¡µÄ·½·¨¡£¸Ã¸ÅÄî×î³õÊÇSelinker ( 1972)Ìá³öµÄ£¬ËüÊÇÒ»ÖÖÓïÑÔʹÓòßÂÔ£¬ÊÇÖ¸ÓïÑÔѧϰÕßÔÚÓöµ½ÓÉÓÚÓïÑÔ×ÊÔ´ÓÐÏÞ¶øÎÞ·¨±í´ïijЩÐÅÏ¢µÄÇé¿öʱ£¬ÎªÁË¿Ë·þ½»Á÷ÕÏ°­¶ø²ÉÈ¡µÄ¼¼ÄÜ¡£Corder(1981)½«½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ¶¨ÒåΪ:“˵»°ÈËÔÚÓöµ½À§ÄÑʱ£¬ÎªÁ˱í´ïÒâ˼¶ø²ÉÈ¡µÄÓÐϵͳµÄ¼¼ÇÉ”¡£´ÓÒÔÉ϶¨ÒåÖÐÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒÔ¿´³ö½»¼Ê²ßÂÔÊÇÃÖ²¹Ñ§Ï°ÕߺͶԻ°ÕßÓïÑÔ֪ʶµÄ²î¾àËù²ÉÈ¡µÄ²ßÂÔ¡£
    ¹ýÈ¥¹úÍâµÄѧÕ߶Խ»¼Ê²ßÂÔÌá³öÁ˶àÖÖ·ÖÀà·½·¨¡£Tarone (1977)°Ñ½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ·Ö³ÉÎå¸öÀà±ð:(1)»Ø±Ü;(2)תÊö;(3)½èÓÃĸÓï;(4)ÇóÖú£¬ÈçÌáÎÊ;(5)Ä£·Â¼°ÊÖÊÆÓï¡£TaroneµÄ·ÖÀà·¨¶Ô½»¼Ê²ßÂÔµÄÑо¿Ó°ÏìÉîÔ¶£¬ÒòΪËüº­¸ÇÁ˽»¼Ê²ßÂԵĻù±¾ÀàÐÍ¡£
    Bialystok (1983)°Ñ½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ°´ÆäÐÅÏ¢À´Ô´·Ö³ÉÁ½¸öÀà±ð:»ùÓÚµÚÒ»ÓïÑԵIJßÂÔ(¼´½èÓòßÂÔ)ºÍ»ùÓÚµÚ¶þÓïÑԵIJßÂÔ(¼´×ªÊö²ßÂÔ)¡£´ËÏîÑо¿±íÃ÷:ˮƽ½ÏµÍÕßʹÓûùÓÚµÚÒ»ÓïÑԵIJßÂÔ£¬¶øˮƽ¸ßµÄѧϰÕßÔò¶àÑ¡Ôñ»ùÓÚµÚ¶þÓïÑԵIJßÂÔ£¬ÒòΪºóÕ߶ÔѧϰÕßµÄÓïÑÔˮƽҪÇó¸ü¸ß¡£
    ¸ù¾ÝFarech&Kasper(1983)¶Ô½»¼Ê²ßÂԵĽ綨ºÍ·ÖÀ࣬½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ¿É·ÖΪ¼õËõ²ßÂÔÓë³É¾Í²ßÂÔ£¬¼õËõ²ßÂÔÖ¸µÄÊÇÒ»ÖֻرܲßÂÔ£¬¶ø³É¾Í²ßÂÔÊÇÖ¸Ò»ÖÖ²¹³¥²ßÂÔ¡£Èç¹ûѧϰÕßÈÆ¿ªÕÏ°­¡¢»Ø±ÜÀ§ÄÑ£¬ËûʹÓõľÍÊǻرܲßÂÔ;Èç¹ûѧϰÕßÑ°ÕÒ;¾¶½â¾öÎÊÌ⣬Ëû²ÉÓõľÍÊdzɾͲßÂÔ¡£
    ÔÚ½»¼Ê²ßÂÔµÄÑо¿¹ý³ÌÖУ¬¹ýȥѧÕßµÄÑо¿Ö÷ÒªÌåÏÖÔÚ×ÜÌåµÄ·ÖÀàÔ­ÔòºÍËùʹÓõÄÊõÓïÉÏ£¬¶ø²»ÊǾßÌåµÄ²ßÂÔ±¾Éí¡£µ«ËûÃÇËù²ÉÓõĶàÖÖ·ÖÀà·½·¨ÒÔ¼°¸÷Àà²ßÂÔÓÅÁÓ²îÒìµÄÑо¿½øÒ»²½¼ÓÉîÁËÈËÃǶԽ»¼Ê²ßÂÔµÄÈÏʶºÍÀí½â¡£
    3.½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ½Ìѧ
    ½ÌʦÊ×ÏÈÈÃѧÉúÊìϤ¸÷ÖÖ½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ£¬ÒÔ±ãËûÃÇÄܹ»ÓÐÒâʶµØʹÓø÷ÖÖ½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ¡£ÒÔÏÂÊǽ»¼Ê²ßÂÔÔÚÓ¢Óï½ÌѧÖеľßÌå½ÌÊÚ·½·¨¡£(1)µ±Ñ§ÉúÓöµ½ÄÑÒÔ½âÊ͵ÄÎÊÌâʱҪ×öÖ±Òë½âÊÍ£¬ÎªËûÃÇÌṩֱÒëµÄÐÎÏó˼ά¡£(2)ѧÉúÔÚ±í´ïʱ¿ÉÄÜ»áÓÌÔ¥²»¾ö£¬ÕâʱÍÏÑÓ²ßÂÔµÄʹÓÃÄܹ»Ôö¼Ó¿ÚÓï±í´ïµÄÁ÷ÀûÐÔ£¬½Ìʦ¿ÉÒÔ´Ó¿ÎÎÄÖÐÕÒһЩ¹Ø¼ü´Ê£¬ÈÃѧÉú¼ÓÈëÌî³äµÄÄÚÈÝ£¬³ÉΪ½ÏΪÓÐÒâÒåµÄ¶Ô»°¡£(3)½Ìʦ¾¡¿ÉÄܶàÓÃתÊöÐγɽâÊÍ´ÊÓïºÍ¿ÎÎÄ£¬ÕâÑù¼È¶ÍÁ¶ÁËËûÃǵĽ»¼ÊÄÜÁ¦£¬ÓÖÌá¸ßÁËËûÃǵĿÚÓï»á»°¼¼ÄÜ¡£(4)½Ìʦ¹ÄÀøѧÉúʹÓÃÐÎÌåÓïÑÔ£¬Ê¹»á»°ÄÚÈݸü¼ÓÕæʵÉú¶¯£¬Ôö¼ÓÁËѧÉúÃÇ˵ӢÓïµÄÐÅÐÄ£¬Îª½«À´ÕæʵµÄ½»¼ÊÄÜÁ¦µì¶¨Á¼ºÃµÄ»ù´¡¡£Ñо¿ÕßÆÕ±éÈÏΪ£¬ÎÞÂÛ´ÓÏÖʵÇé¿ö»¹ÊÇ´Ó¾­ÑéÀ´¿´£¬½»¼Ê²ßÂÔµÄѵÁ·¶¼ÊÇÓ¦¸ÃÌᳫµÄ¡£
¡¡¡¡Chamot & Rubin ( 1994)×ܽá³öÒ»ÌײßÂÔÅàѵµÄ·½·¨:(1)ÕÒ³öѧÉúÔÚÍê³ÉѧϰÈÎÎñʱÒѾ­Ê¹ÓõIJßÂÔ£¬²¢½øÐÐÌÖÂÛ;(2)ͨ¹ýÃüÃûÓëÃèÊöµÄ·½·¨½éÉÜвßÂÔ;(3)¾ÙÀý˵Ã÷¸÷ÖÖ²ßÂÔµÄÓ÷¨;(4)½âÊÍΪʲôҪʹÓòßÂÔ¡¢ÔÚʲôʱºòʹÓòßÂÔ;(5)Ìṩ´óÁ¿µÄÁ·Ï°»ú»á¡£
    Cohen(1998)Ìá³öÁËÆßÖÖ²ßÂÔÅàѵµÄÐÎʽ:(1)ÆÕͨµÄѧϰ¼¼ÄÜ¿Î;(2)½²×ùÓëÌÖÂÛ;(3)½²Ï°°à;(4)»ï°é¸¨µ¼;(5)Ö±½Ó½«²ßÂÔ±àÈ˽̿ÆÊé;(6)΢ÐͼÏñ¿Î;(7)ÒÔ²ßÂÔѵÁ·Îª»ù´¡µÄ½Ìѧ¡£
    ¾¡¹ÜÓйؽ»¼Ê²ßÂÔÅàѵµÄÀíÂÛ²ûÊöÒÑÊ®·ÖÏ꾡£¬µ«¶ÔÓÚÔÚ¿ÎÌýÌѧÖÐÈçºÎרÃÅѵÁ·Ñ§ÉúʹÓý»¼Ê²ßÂÔÑо¿µÄÊýÁ¿ºÜÓÐÏÞ¡£ÍõÁ¢·Ç(2002 )µÄʵÑéÊÇÆäÖйæÄ£½Ï´óµÄÒ»¸ö£¬ËûÑо¿µÄÊǽ»¼Ê²ßÂÔѵÁ·µÄ³ÉЧ¡£½ÓÊÜѵÁ·µÄ¶ÔÏóΪ109ÃûµÚ¶þÓïÑÔΪӢÓïµÄ´óѧ¶þÄ꼶ÉúѧÉú£¬·ÖΪËĸöƽÐа࣬һ¡¢¶þ°àΪʵÑé×飬Èý¡¢ËÄ°àΪ¶ÔÕÕ×飬Á½×éÈËÊý»ù±¾ÏàµÈ¡£ÊµÑé×éÿÖÜ¿ÚÓï¿ÎµÄÇ°ÈýÊ®·ÖÖÓ½ÓÊÜѵÁ·£¬ÎªÆÚÊ®ÖÜ£¬×ÅÖØѵÁ·ÈýÖÖ²ßÂÔ:»Ø±ÜÓëÌæ»»»°Ì⡢תÊöÓëʹÓÃÌî³ä´Ê¡£Ñо¿½á¹û·¢ÏÖ£¬¿ÎÌý»¼Ê²ßÂÔѵÁ·¿ÉÒÔÔö¼ÓѧÉúʹÓòßÂÔµÄƵ¶ÈºÍЧ¹û;Îʾíµ÷²éÏÔʾ£¬Ñ§Éú¶Ô½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ½ÌѧµÄ×ö·¨¼°²úÉúµÄ½ÌѧЧ¹ûÆÕ±é³ÖÈÏ̬ͬ¶È¡£

¡¡¡¡Èý¡¢½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ½ÌѧµÄÑо¿Éè¼Æ

    1.Ñо¿µÄÄÚÈÝÓë¶ÔÏó
    ÔÚ´óѧ·ÇÓ¢Óïרҵ½ÌѧÖУ¬±ÊÕß·¢ÏÖѧÉúÔÚÓ¢Óï¿ÚÓïѵÁ·Ê±£¬Ã¿µ±Óöµ½²»»á±í´ïµÄµ¥´Êʱ£¬³£¸ÄÓÃĸÓï½»Á÷£¬»òÕßÍ£ÏÂÀ´ÎÊÎÊͬ×À£¬»òÕßË÷ÐԻرܲ»½²£¬ÕâÖÖÇé¿öÖ±½ÓÓ°ÏìÁËÆäÓ¢Óï½»¼ÊЧ¹û¡£ÓÉÓÚÓ¢Óï½Ì²ÄÖкÜÉÙÉæ¼°½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ·½ÃæµÄÄÚÈÝ£¬ÔÙ¼ÓÉÏѧÉúÓÖ²»ÉÆÓÚÔËÓý»¼Ê²ßÂÔÀ´¿Ë·þ½»¼ÊÕÏ°­£¬ÖÂʹËûÃǵĽ»¼Ê±íÏֺܲ»ÀíÏë¡£ÓмøÓÚ´Ë£¬±ÊÕß¿ªÕ¹ÁËÓÐÕë¶ÔÐԵĽ»¼Ê²ßÂÔ½ÌѧÓëÑо¿»î¶¯£¬Ö÷Òª°üÀ¨ÒÔÏÂÄÚÈÝ: (1)¿ªÕ¹½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ½ÌѧµÄ±ØÒªÐÔ;(2)½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ½ÌѧµÄʵʩ¹ý³Ì;(3)½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ½ÌѧµÄЧ¹û;(4)½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ½Ìѧ°²ÅŵĽ׶Ρ£
    Ñо¿¶ÔÏóÊÇ160Ãû¹ðÁÖº½Ì칤ҵ¸ßµÈר¿ÆѧУ2007ÄêÈËѧµÄ·ÇÓ¢ÓïרҵһÄ꼶ÐÂÉú£¬ÕâЩѧÉú¶¼¾­¹ý6ÄêÒÔÉϵÄÓ¢Óïѧϰ£¬´ïµ½ÖеÈˮƽ¡£ËûÃÇÀ´×ÔÎÄ¡¢Àí¿Æ¹²6¸öϵ°Ë¸öרҵ£¬·Ö±ðÊôÓÚ±ÊÕßËù³Ðµ£µÄ´óѧӢÓïÌý˵¿ÎµÄ4¸ö°à¡£
    2.Îʾíµ÷²é
    ÔÚÕýʽÅàѵ¿ªÊ¼Ç°£¬ÎÒÃÇÊ×ÏȶÔÊÜÊÔѧÉúµÄ¿ÚÓï½»¼Ê¼°²ßÂÔʹÓÃÇé¿ö×öÁËÎʾíµ÷²é£¬ÒÔ±ã½øÒ»²½È·¶¨½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ½ÌѧµÄ±ØÒªÐÔ¡£µ÷²éº­¸ÇµÄÄÚÈÝÓÐ:ÔÚÖÐѧʱ£¬Ñ§ÉúÁ·Ï°Ó¢Óï¿ÚÓïµÄ»ú»áÈçºÎ?ÊÇ·ñѧ¹ý´¦Àí¿ÚÓï½»Á÷ÖÐÓöµ½µÄÖîÈç´Ê»ãµÈÕÏ°­ÎÊÌâ?ѧÉú¶ÔÓÚ½»Á÷ÕÏ°­µÄÐÄ̬ÔõÑù?ÓÖͨ¹ý²ÉÓÃÄÄЩ²ßÂÔÀ´¿Ë·þÕâЩÕÏ°­ÄØ?
    ÔÚ»ØÊÕµÄ140·ÝÓÐЧÎʾíµ÷²é±íÖУ¬ÎÒÃÇ·¢ÏÖÖÐѧʱӢÓï¿ÚÓïÁ·Ï°»ú»á“½ÏÉÙ”µÄѧÉúÕ¼49. 6%£¬Á·Ï°»ú»á“ºÜÉÙ”µÄѧÉúÕ¼42.3 %¡£ÀÏʦ“ûÓДÌá¼°ÈçºÎ´¦Àí½»Á÷ÕÏ°­µÄѧÉúÕ¼48.3%£¬ÀÏʦ“ºÜÉÙ”Ìá¼°½»Á÷ÕÏ°­µÄѧÉúÕ¼32. 2%£¬¼¸ºõûÓÐÀÏʦ“ϵͳµØ”½²½â¹ýÈçºÎ´¦Àí½»Á÷ÕÏ°­µÄÎÊÌ⡣ѧÉúÃÇÔÚ½øÐпÚÓï½»Á÷»î¶¯Ê±£¬43. 2%µÄѧÉú“³£³£”µ£ÐÄÓöµ½´Ê»ãÕÏ°­ÎÊÌ⣬27. 5%µÄѧÉú“ÓÐʱ”µ£ÐÄÓöµ½´Ê»ãÕÏ°­£¬»¹ÓÐ25. 3%µÄѧÉúÓöµ½´Ê»ãÕÏ°­Ê±“²»ÖªËù´ë”¡£ÔÚÓöµ½½»Á÷ÕÏ°­Ê±£¬ÓÐ55. 8%µÄѧÉúÑ¡Ôñ“»Ø±Ü»°Ìâ¡¢·ÅÆú±í´ï”»ò“¸ÄÓÃĸÓ£
    ¾ÍÖйúѧÉú¶øÑÔ£¬Ó¢Óï½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ½ÌѧºÍѵÁ·µÄ±ØÒªÐÔÖ÷Òª±íÏÖÔÚÒÔϼ¸µã:µÚÒ»£¬¾¡¹ÜÎÒ¹úѧÉúѧϰĸÓïʱ¾Í¾ß±¸Á˲ßÂÔÄÜÁ¦£¬ÔÚÓ¢Óï½»Á÷ÖÐÓÐʱҲÄܲ»×Ô¾õµØʹÓý»¼Ê²ßÂÔ£¬µ«ËûÃÇûÓÐÒâʶµ½½»¼Ê²ßÂԵĴæÔÚÓë×÷Ó㬲»»áÖ÷¶¯ÔËÓÃËüÃÇ°ïÖú½»¼Ê¹µÍ¨£¬¶àÊýÇé¿öÏÂʹÓûرܡ¢¸ÄÓÃĸÓïµÈÏû¼«²ßÂÔ¡£µÚ¶þ£¬ÓÉÓÚÊÜÖйúÓïÑÔ´ó»·¾³µÄÏÞÖÆ£¬Ñ§ÉúÃdzýÁË¿ÎÌÃÓïÑÔѵÁ·Í⣬¼¸ºõûÓлú»áʹÓÃÓ¢ÓÇÒÔÚ¿ÎÌÃÉÏÁ·Ï°¿ÚÓïµÄ»ú»áÒ²ºÜÓÐÏÞ£¬Òò¶øËûÃǼÝÔ¦Ó¢ÓïµÄ²ßÂÔÄÜÁ¦Ò²¾Í²»ÄÇôÊìÁ·×ÔÈç¡£µÚÈý£¬ËäÈ»´ó²¿·ÖѧÉúÕÆÎÕÁËÓ¢Óï¿ÚÓï½»Á÷ÒªÇóµÄ»ù´¡´Ê»ã£¬µ«ÓÉÓÚËûÃǶÔÓÚ½»Á÷ÕÏ°­ÐÄ´æÓÇÂÇ£¬Ê¹µÃËûÃÇÔÚÓ¢Óï½»¼Ê»î¶¯ÖÐÐÅÐIJ»×㣬´Ó¶øÓ°ÏìÁËѧÉúÃÇÓ¢Óï¿ÚÓï»ý¼«ÐÔµÄÕý³£·¢»Ó¡£
    3.½ÌѧĿ±ê
    ÔÚһϵÁе÷²éÑо¿µÄ»ù´¡ÉÏ£¬±ÊÕߵóöÒÔϽáÂÛ:Ê×ÏÈ£¬Ê¹Ñ§ÉúÃÇÒâʶµ½ÔÚµÚ¶þÓïÑÔѧϰ¹ý³ÌÖгöÏÖ½»Á÷ÕÏ°­ÊôÕý³£ÏÖÏó£¬ÈÃͬѧÃÇÕýÊÓÕâÒ»ÏÖʵ;Æä´Î£¬½ÌÓýѧÉúÃÇÕÆÎÕ½»¼Ê²ßÂԵĸ÷ÖÖ·½·¨Í¾¾¶£¬°ïÖúËûÃÇ¿Ë·þ½»¼ÊÕÏ°­µÄÀ§ÄÑ;×îºó£¬¹ÄÀøѧÉúÃǾ­³£·´¸´Á·Ï°Ê¹Óý»¼Ê²ßÂÔ£¬Çø·Ö¸÷ÖÖ½»¼Ê²ßÂԵIJîÒ죬¾¡Á¿ÔËÓÃ×î¼ÑµÄ½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ½øÐÐÓ¢Óï½»Á÷»î¶¯£¬×îÖÕʵÏÖ½»¼ÊµÄÄ¿µÄ¡£

¡¡¡¡ËÄ¡¢½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ½ÌѧµÄʵ¼ù

    ÓÉÓÚ´óѧӢÓï½Ìѧ¿ÎʱÉÙ£¬¶øÇҿα¾ÀïҲȱ·¦½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ·½ÃæµÄÄÚÈÝ¡£Õë¶ÔÕâÖÖÇé¿ö£¬±ÊÕßÒÀ¾Ý½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ½ÌѧµÄÄ¿±êÉè¼Æ³öÕâ´Î½Ìѧʵ¼ùµÄ·½·¨ºÍ¾ßÌåÄÚÈÝ¡£½Ìѧ°²ÅÅÔÚ±ÊÕßËù³Ðµ£µÄ´óѧӢÓïÌý˵¿ÎÉÏ£¬Ã¿ÖÜÒ»´Î£¬¹²°ËÖÜ£¬Ç°Á½ÖÜΪµÚÒ»½×¶Î£¬È«Ãæ½éÉÜÓëÁ·Ï°Ê¹Óý»¼Ê²ßÂÔ;µÚÈýÖÁµÚ°ËÖÜΪµÚ¶þ½×¶Î£¬Ö÷Òª½øÐÐÇ¿»¯ÑµÁ·¡£
    1.½éÉÜʹÓý»¼Ê²ßÂÔ
    µÚÒ»½×¶ÎµÄÅàѵʱ¼äΪ180·ÖÖÓ£¬ÕâÒ»½×¶ÎÔÚÕû¸ö½Ìѧ¹ý³ÌÖзdz£¹Ø¼ü£¬ÊÇÖص㲿·Ö£¬Ö÷Òª°´ÒÔϲ½Öè½øÐÐÅàѵ¡£
    (1)ʵÀý½éÉÜ
    ±ÊÕßÑ¡È¡µÄÏÂÃæÕâÒ»½×¶Î¶Ô»°Â¼Òô£¬Ä¿µÄÊÇÈÃѧÉúÒâʶµ½¾ßÌå½»¼Ê²ßÂÔÔÚÓ¢Óï½»Á÷ÖеÄÓ¦Óã¬ÔöÇ¿½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ¹ÛÄÈÃËûÃÇ×¢Òâ˵»°ÕßÔÚ¶Ô»°ÖÐÓöµ½µÄÎÊÌâÒÔ¼°ÊÔͼ½«Ì¸»°½øÐÐÏÂÈ¥Ëù²ÉÈ¡µÄ·½·¨¡£
    Man; You know we wanted to fly to France next July……
    Woman; Yes... you meant to leave the car at home.
    Man; Of course:  Well, I called at British Airways yester-day morning.
    Woman; Did you?
    Man; Yes...and they told me all the flights are booked.
    Woman; Gosh, yesl
    Man; And obviously it’ 11 be difficult to book the ferry too.
    Woman; I bet it will.
    Man; Yes... the problem is that we’ve booked this hotel inParis.
    Woman ; Oh , what a nuisance } Have you phoned the ferrycompany yet?
    Man ; No , not yet.
    Woman; Mm, you’d better hurry up.
    Man; Yes... the children would feel very disappointed if wecouldn’ t go there. I wanted to take them to Eiffel Tower.
    Woman ; Oh , really?
    Man; Certainly.
    Woman:I’ve heard it’ s very expensive.
    Man; Yes£¬I see.
    Woman; How much to get in?
    Man; I reckon it will be¡ê25 or so.
    Woman; Mm, it costs too much.  However, I suppose it’sworth seeing.

    ѧÉúÃÇÔÚÌýÍê¶Ô»°ºó£¬±ÊÕßÈÃѧÉúÌåÑéÓöµ½½»¼ÊÕÏ°­µÄÇé¿ö²¢ÕÒ³ö½â¾ö°ì·¨£¬ÒªÇóËûÃÇÕÒ³ö̸»°ÕßÓÃÀ´±£³Ö¶Ô»°Ë³Àû½øÐеľßÌå½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ£¬ÒªËûÃÇ×¢ÒâŮʿËùÓõıíÃ÷ËýÔ¸ÒâÓëÄÇλÄÐÊ¿¼ÌÐø½»Ì¸ÏÂÈ¥µÄÌض¨·½·¨£¬Ä¿µÄÊÇÔö¼ÓËûÃǶԽ»¼Ê²ßÂÔµÄÈÏÖª³Ì¶È¡£
    ÔÚ±ÊÕßÖ¸µ¼Ï£¬Ñ§ÉúÃǾ­¹ý¹Û²ìºÍÌÖÂÛ·¢ÏÖÒªÏëʹ¶Ô»°²»¶Ï½øÐÐÏÂÈ¥£¬Í¨³£²ÉÓÃÒÔÏ·½·¨:
    1)ÌáÎÊ(Èç:"Have you phoned the ferry company yet?"" Did you?");
    2)ÓøÐ̾´Ê»ò¾ä×Ó±íʾÐËȤºÍÇé¸Ð(Èç:" Gosh , yes" Oh , what a nuisance!”);
    3)²åÈËÒ»¸öл°Ìâʹ̸»°¼ÌÐøÏÂÈ¥(Èç:"I’ve heard it’s very expensive.”);
    4)ÓÃÉýµ÷±íʾ˵»°È˶ÔijʵĹØ×¢(Èç:"oh really?" )¡£    Ó¢ÓïѧϰÕß¿ÉÄܺܶ඼ÊìÖªÒ»¸ö·¨¹úÈËÔÚÓ¢¹ú²Í¹Ýµã²ËµÄ¹ÊÊÂ:Ò»¸ö·¨¹úѧÉúµ½Ó¢¹úÂÃÓΣ¬ÔÚÒ»¸ö²Í¹ÝÓòÍʱËûÏëÒª±­²èºÍ¼¸¸ö¼¦µ°£¬¿ÉÊǵ±·þÎñÔ±ÎÊËû“Can I help you,sir?(ÏÈÉú£¬ÄãÒªµãʲô?)”ʱ£¬Ëû»Ø´ð˵£¬" A cup of tea and…”Ëû¼Ç²»Æ𓼦µ°”¸ÃÔõô˵£¬ÕâʱËû¿´µ½ÁÚ×ÀÉÏÓб¾ÔÓÖ¾£¬·âÃæÊÇÒ»·ù¹«¼¦µÄͼ»­£¬ÓÚÊǾÍÓÐÁËÏÂÃæµÄ¶Ô»°:

    A:What’ s the English for this?
    B:Cock, Sir.
    A:What do you call a cock’ s wife?
    B ; A hen , sir.
    A:And what do you call a hen’ s children?
    B:Chicks, sir.
    A; And what do you call chicks before they’re born
    B:Eggs£¬Sir.
    A:Very well£¬bring me two eggs and a cup of tea, please.
    ´ËÀýÖеķ¨¹úѧÉú·Ç³£´ÏÃ÷µØʹÓÃÁËÇóÖú²ßÂÔ(Appealfor Assistance)¡¢Ç¨»Ø²ßÂÔ(circumlocution )¡¢ÊÍÒå(paraphrase )ºÍ½üËƲßÂÔ(approximation)µÈ½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ£¬´ïµ½Á˽»¼ÊÄ¿µÄ£¬¿ÉÒÔ˵ÊÇͨ¹ýʹÓý»¼Ê²ßÂÔ´ïµ½½»¼ÊÄ¿µÄµÄÒ»¸öºÜºÃµÄ·¶Àý¡£Ñ§Éúͨ¹ýÕâ¶Î¶Ô»°£¬Ó¡ÏóÌرðÉî¿Ì£¬ÊÕЧҲÌرðÃ÷ÏÔ£¬½øÒ»²½ÍØÕ¹ÁËËûÃÇʹÓý»¼Ê²ßÂÔµÄÊÓÒ°¡£
    Ö®ºó£¬ÔÙÏòѧÉúϵͳµØ½éÉܽ»¼Ê²ßÂÔ£¬Ö÷Òª°üÀ¨×ªÊö¡¢½èÓÃĸÓï¡¢»Ø±Ü¡¢ÇóÖúµÈ£¬²¢Í¨¹ýʵÀý½øÒ»²½ËµÃ÷ÿһÖÖ½»¼Ê²ßÂÔµÄʹÓ÷½·¨¡£
    (2)²ßÂԱȽÏ
    ÀÏʦÈÃѧÉú½øÒ»²½Á˽âÔÚÕÆÎÕÁËÏ൱ÊýÁ¿µÄÓ¢ÎÄ´Ê»ãºó£¬ÈôÄܹ»Áé»îÔËÓý»¼Ê²ßÂÔ£¬¾Í¿ÉÒԳɹ¦µØ¿Ë·þ½»Á÷ÖÐÓöµ½µÄÕÏ°­ÎÊÌ⣬ʵÏÖ½»¼ÊµÄÄ¿µÄ¡£È»ºó£¬°ïÖúѧÉú¶Ô±È·ÖÎö¸÷ÖÖ½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ£¬ÕÒ³ö·´Ó³Ëµ»°Õß¾ßÓнϸ߽»¼ÊÄÜÁ¦µÄ½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ£¬ÒÔ±ã¸üºÃµØ½øÐн»Á÷Ó빵ͨ¡£
    1)¶àÓÃתÊö²ßÂÔ£¬ÉÙÓýèÓòßÂÔ;
    2)¶àÓóɾͲßÂÔ£¬ÉÙÓûرܲßÂÔ;
    3)¶àÓÃͬÒå´Ê¡¢½üÒå´ÊµÈ²ßÂÔ£¬ÉÙÓÃÃèÊö¡¢¾ÙÀýµÈ²ßÂÔ;
    4)¶àʹÓõڶþÓïÑÔÇóÖú²ßÂÔ£¬±ÜÃâʹÓÃĸÓïÇóÖú²ßÂÔ;
    5)¹ÄÀøÇ¡µ±µÄ“Ôì´Ê”²ßÂÔ£¬ÒÔ±ãѧϰÕß½»Á÷¹µÍ¨¡£
    (3)¿ÎÌÃѵÁ·
    Ëæ׎»¼Ê²ßÂÔÑо¿µÄ²»¶ÏÉîÈË£¬ÓïÑÔ¿ÎÌýÌѧµÄ·½·¨Ò²²»¶ÏÌá³ö£¬ÕâЩ¿ÎÌÃѵÁ··½·¨µÄʹÓöÔÅàÑøѧϰÕß½»¼Ê²ßÂÔʹÓõÄÒâʶ¼°¶Ôʵ¼Ê½»¼ÊµÄÖ¸µ¼×÷Ó÷dz£Ã÷ÏÔ¡£
    1)´ÊÓïÊÍÒåÓëÌæ»»¡£Í¨¹ýʹÓÃÒѾ­Ñ§¹ýµÄ´ÊÓï¡¢¾äʽºÍÓï·¨¶ÔһЩдʻòÄѴʽøÐнâÊÍ»òÌæ»»£¬Ñ§Ï°Õ߼ȸ´Ï°¹®¹ÌÁËËùѧ֪ʶ£¬¶ÍÁ¶ÁËʵ¼ÊÔËÓÃÄÜÁ¦£¬Í¬Ê±ÓÖÕÆÎÕÁ˽üËÆ( approximation )¡¢ÊÍÒå(paraphrasing )¡¢ÓØ»Ø(circumlocution )µÈ½»¼Ê²ßÂÔµÄÔËÓá£ÀýÈ磬ÔÚ½ÌÊÚ²¿·ÖÉú»î³£ÓôÊÓïʱ£¬¿ÉÒÔʹÓÃ϶¨ÒåµÄ·½·¨½øÐнâÊÍ˵Ã÷¡£Èç:classroom ;  a roomin which we have classes; dog; an animal we keep as a pet;happiness; pleasure, joy; A car is a vehicle in which we cantravel.
    ÔÚ¿ÎÌÃÉÏͨ¹ýÌáÎÊ»òÆäËû·½Ê½¶ÔÓÐЩ´ÊÓï½øÐÐÊÍÒå»òÌæ»»£¬¼È´ó´óÀ©³äÁËѧÉúµÄ´Ê»ãÁ¿£¬Í¬Ê±ÓÖ¶ÍÁ¶ÁËËûÃÇÔËÓÃÓïÑÔµÄÄÜÁ¦£¬¶Ô²»Í¬½×¶ÎµÄѧÉúÌá¸ßÓïÑÔˮƽ¶¼ÊǺܺõÄѵÁ··½Ê½¡£

    2)¶Ô»°¡£¶Ô»°×÷ΪÈÕ³£½»¼ÊµÄ×îÖØÒªÊÖ¶ÎÊÇÁ·Ï°Ê¹Óý»¼Ê²ßÂÔµÄ×îºÃ·½·¨Ö®Ò»¡£ÔÚ¶Ô»°¹ý³ÌÖУ¬Ñ§Ï°Õß³¢ÊÔ¸÷ÖÖʵÓõIJßÂÔ£¬½â¾ö¿ÉÄÜÓöµ½µÄÓïÑÔÕÏ°­£¬´ïµ½Ë³Àû½»¼ÊµÄÄ¿µÄ¡£Èç:
    A; Would you please pass me the knife?
    B:You mean the thing that can cut?(circumlocution )
    A ; Yes.
    A; How old are you?
    B:Well£¬that’ s an interesting question.  Isn’t it strangehow people always feel that they need to know the age of a per-son? I don’ t really think that age is important at all.  I think Ican tell you something about my personal experience as a sail-or. . .(filler, avoidance)
    A: Can I help you?
    B:I want to buy a, an, air ball,(balloon )(coinage )£¬aball made of rubber with air in it.(circumlocution )
    ÔÚÒÔÅàÑø½»¼ÊÄÜÁ¦ÎªÄ¿µÄµÄÓïÑÔ¿ÎÌÃÖУ¬ÔËÓôËÀà¶Ô»°Ê¹Ñ§Ï°Õ߸ü¶àµØÁ·Ï°Ê¹Óý»¼Ê²ßÂÔ£¬´Ó¶ø´ïµ½½»¼ÊÄ¿µÄ¡£
    3)ÎïÌå»òͼÐÎÃèÊö¡£¶ÔÈÕ³£ÊìϤµÄͼÐλòÎïÌå½øÐÐÃèÊö£¬Á·Ï°Ê¹ÓÃÒÑÕÆÎմʻ㡢Óï·¨ºÍ¾äʽ£¬¼È¹®¹ÌºÍÀ©³äÁ˺ËÐĴʻ㣬ÓÖѧ»áÁ˽»¼Ê²ßÂÔµÄʹÓá£Èç:
    A. The roof of the house has three lines and three angles.(triangle )(paraphrasing );
    B. There’re many flowers in the garden, they’ re in differ-ent colors£¬red,  yellow,  blue,  green,  purple,  pink£¬white ,brown£¬…
    C. The boy’ s toys are in some basic shapes, some are tri-angle , some are rectangular , some are round , some are square£¬some are  star  shaped ,  some  are  diamond ,  some  are  heartshaped,...
    ͨ¹ý´ËÀàÁ·Ï°£¬Ñ§Ï°Õßͨ¹ý×Ðϸ¹Û²ì²¢Ê¹ÓÃ×Ô¼ºµÄÓïÑÔ¶ÔËùÌý¡¢Ëù¿´µÄÊÂÎïÓñȽÏ׼ȷµÄÓïÑÔÃèÊö³öÀ´£¬Õâ¸ö¹ý³ÌÊÇÓïÑÔѧϰµÄ±Ø¾­Ö®Â·¡£
    (4)¿ÎºóÁ·Ï°
    Ï¿κóÒªÇóѧÉúÁ½ÈËÒ»×é½øÐÐÓ¢Óï×ÔÓɶԻ°£¬Ê¹Ñ§Éú½øÐÐÓÐÒâʶµÄ½»¼Ê²ßÂÔѵÁ·£¬ÅàÑøËûÃǵÄÓ¢Óï¿ÚÍ·½»¼ÊÄÜÁ¦£¬²¢¼Ç¼×Ô¼ºÔÚ¶Ô»°ÖÐʹÓõĽ»¼Ê²ßÂÔ¡£´ËÏî¿ÎºóÈÎÎñµÄÄ¿µÄÊÇÔÚ¾­¹ýÁ˶ÔѧÉú½øÐн»¼Ê²ßÂÔµÄÇ¿»¯ÑµÁ·Ö®ºó¹®¹ÌѵÁ·Ð§¹û£¬½øÒ»²½ÔöÇ¿Æä½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ¹ÛÄ´Ó¶ø´Ùʹ½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ´Ó³õÆÚµÄÓÐÒâʶѧϰʹÓ㬵½Öð½¥ÊìÁ·ÕÆÎÕ£¬×îÖÕ´ïµ½ÎÞÒâʶµØ×ÔȻӦÓã¬Îª½øÐÐÓÐЧµÄ¿ÚÍ·½»¼ÊÆðµ½»ý¼«×÷Óá£
    2.Ç¿»¯ÑµÁ·½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ
    ÓÉÓÚÎÒ¹úÏÖÓеÄÓ¢Óïѧϰ»·¾³ÏÞÖÆÁ˽»¼Ê²ßÂÔµÄʹÓã¬Ñ§Éúƽʱȱ·¦½»¼Ê»î¶¯ºÍ×ÔÎÒ±í´ïµÄ»ú»á£¬Ê¹µÃËûÃÇÔÚÐèÒª×ÔÈ»ÓëÁé»îÔËÓÃÓïÑÔʱûÓÐÐÅÐÄ¡£ËùÒÔ£¬¶ÔѧÉú½øÐн»¼Ê²ßÂÔµÄÇ¿»¯ÑµÁ·ºÜÓбØÒª¡£
    ½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ½ÌѧµÄµÚ¶þ½×¶Î£¬Ö÷Òª½øÐй®¹Ì½»¼Ê²ßÂÔÔËÓõÄÁ·Ï°£¬Ã¿´Î¿ÎÓÐÒ»¸öÁ·Ï°£¬Ê±¼äΪÇÉ·ÖÖÓ×óÓÒ£¬Á·Ï°ÄÚÈÝ´Ó×î³õ¿ØÖÆÐÔºÜÇ¿µÄ½»¼ÊÈÎÎñÏò¿ØÖÆÐÔ½ÏÈõµÄ½»¼ÊÈÎÎñ¹ý¶É£¬Ê¹Á·Ï°¸ü¼ÓÌù½üÓÚÕæʵ³¡¾°ÏµĽ»¼Ê»î¶¯¡£½ÌʦӦÁ˽âѧÉúµÄѧϰ·½Ê½²¢¹Û²ìѧÉúʹÓõIJßÂÔ£¬½«Õæʵ¡¢×ÔÈ»µÄ½»¼Ê»î¶¯ÒýÈË¿ÎÌýÌѧ£¬¼ÓÇ¿³É¾Í²ßÂÔÄÜÁ¦µÄѵÁ·£¬ÎªÑ§ÉúÌṩÁ·Ï°¼°Ìá¸ß½»¼Ê²ßÂÔÄÜÁ¦µÄ»ú»á¡£

¡¡¡¡Îå¡¢½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ½ÌѧµÄЧ¹û

¡¡¡¡½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ½Ìѧʵ¼ù½áÊøºó£¬±ÊÕßÕë¶Ô´Ë´Îʵ¼ùЧ¹û¡¢½×¶Î¼°½»¼Ê»î¶¯Çé¿öÓÖ½øÐÐÁËÒ»´ÎÈÏÕæϸÖµÄÎʾíµ÷²é»î¶¯¡£Ê×ÏÈ£¬¾Í½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ½ÌѧµÄЧ¹û¶øÑÔ£¬ÎÒÃÇ´Ó»ØÊÕµÄ140·ÝÓÐЧÎʾíµÄͳ¼Æ±íÖз¢ÏÖ:¾­¹ýÕâ´Î½ÌѧÅàѵ£¬ÄÇЩʱ³£µ£ÐÄÔÚ¿ÚÓï½»Á÷ÖлáÓöµ½ÕÏ°­µÄѧÉú´ÓÅàѵǰµÄ53. 2%Ͻµµ½ÅàѵºóµÄ6. 3%;ÔÚ¶Ô»°ÖÐÓöµ½½»Á÷ÕÏ°­Ê±¸Ðµ½²»ÖªËù´ëµÄѧÉú´Ó31. 6%Ͻµµ½4. 6%;ÔÚÓ¢Óï½»Á÷ÖÐÓöµ½Éú´Êʱ֪µÀ¸ÃÈçºÎ´¦ÀíµÄѧÉú´ÓÅàѵǰµÄ6. 3%ÉÏÉýµ½51.2% ¡£88. 3%µÄѧÉú¾õµÃÏÖÔÚ½²Ó¢Óï±ÈÒÔÇ°ÓÐÐÅÐÄÁË¡£Æä´Î£¬¾Í½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ½ÌѧÅàѵµÄ½×¶Î¶øÑÔ£¬48. 6%µÄѧÉúÈÏΪÅàѵ°²ÅÅÔÚ¸ßÖн׶αȽÏÊÊÒË£¬¶ø30. 3%µÄѧÉúÈÏΪÔÚ³õÖн׶ÎÅàѵºÃ£¬Ö»ÓÐ23. 1%µÄѧÉúÈÏΪӦ¸ÃÔÚ´óѧ½×¶Î½øÐÐÅàѵ¡£×îºó£¬¾ÍÅàѵÖнøÐеĽ»¼Ê»î¶¯¶øÑÔ£¬58%µÄѧÉú±íʾϲ»¶£¬42%µÄѧÉú±íʾºÜϲ»¶£¬¼¸ºõËùÓÐѧÉú¶¼±íʾ½»¼Ê²ßÂÔµÄѵÁ·¶ÔËûÃǵĿÚÓïѧϰÓаïÖú¡£
    ´ÓÒÔÉϽ»¼Ê²ßÂԵĽÌѧ½á¹ûÖÐÎÒÃǵóöÈçϽáÂÛ:1)½»¼Ê²ßÂÔµÄѵÁ·ÓÐÖúÓÚ¿Ë·þѧϰÕߵĽ»¼ÊÕÏ°­£¬Î¬³Ö½»¼ÊÇþµÀµÄ³©Í¨£¬ÎªÑ§Ï°ÕßÌṩ¸ü¶àµÄÓïÑÔÊäÈË£¬ÔöÇ¿ËûÃÇÌá¸ßÓ¢Óï¿ÚÓïµÄÐÅÐÄ£¬ÊÇÌá¸ß½»¼ÊÄÜÁ¦µÄÓÐЧ;¾¶¡£2)Ó¢Óï¿ÚÓï»î¶¯±ØÐë³ä·ÖÌåÏÖ½»Á÷µÄÄ¿µÄ£¬½«Õæʵ¡¢×ÔÈ»µÄ½»¼Ê»î¶¯ÒýÈË¿ÎÌýÌѧ£¬ÓÐÒâʶµØÅàÑøѧÉúµÄ½»¼Ê²ßÂÔÄÜÁ¦£¬´Ó¶ø¿Ë·þ½»Á÷ÖеÄÕÏ°­¡£3)½»¼Ê²ßÂÔµÄѵÁ·×îºÃÔÚÖÐѧ½×¶Î¾ÍÒª¿ªÊ¼£¬ÒòΪµ±Ê±Ñ§ÉúÒѾ­ÕÆÎÕÁË»ù±¾µÄ´Ê»ãÁ¿ÓëÀí½âÄÜÁ¦¡£ÌÈÈôÔÚÖÐѧ½×¶ÎûÓнøÐУ¬ÄÇôһ¶¨ÒªÔÚ´óѧ½×¶Î½øÐС£4)ÒòΪ´óѧӢÓï¿ÚÓï¿ÎʱÉÙ£¬Çҽ̲ÄÖÐÓÖȱ·¦½»¼Ê²ßÂÔµÄÄÚÈÝ£¬ËùÒÔ½»¼Ê²ßÂÔ½ÌѧµÄѵÁ·²ÉÓöÌÆÚ¼¯ÖÐѵÁ·µÄ·½Ê½±È½Ï¿ÉÐС£½ÌʦӦ°Ñ½»¼Ê²ßÂÔµÄÁ·Ï°¹á´©µ½ÈÕ³£Ó¢Óï¿ÚÓï¿Î½Ìѧʵ¼ùÖÐÈ¥£¬°ïÖúѧÉúÌá¸ßÓïÑÔÔËÓÃÄÜÁ¦£¬ÒԱ㽫À´ÊÊÓ¦Éç»á·¢Õ¹µÄÒªÇó¡£

¿´Å·¹ÚµÄapp-ÄĸöAPP¿ÉÒÔ¿´Å·¹Ú-×ãÇò¾º²Ê±È·ÖÍƼö**

ÈÈ°ñÔĶÁTOP

±¾ÖÜTOP10

¹ØÓÚ´ÊÒåÃñ×åÐԵıíÏÖ¼°¶Ô¿çÎÄ»¯½»

¹ØÓÚ´ÊÒåÃñ×åÐԵıíÏÖ¼°¶Ô¿çÎÄ»¯½»

ÂÛÎĹؼü´Ê£º´ÊÒåÃñ×åÐÔÎÄ»¯ÌØÕ÷ÈÏÖªÓïÑÔѧ¿çÎÄ»¯½»¼Ê ÂÛÎÄÕªÒª£ºÓïÑÔÊÇÎÄ»¯µÄÔØÌåºÍ´«²¥¹¤¾ß£¬ÎÄ»¯ÔòÊÇ...